Corrections, Retractions & Appeals

JGPI is committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record. When errors are identified in published articles — whether by authors, editors, reviewers, or readers — the journal responds promptly and transparently in accordance with COPE guidelines.

A Correction (Erratum or Corrigendum) is issued when a published article contains a factual error that materially affects the accuracy of specific information, but does not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions. Corrections are published as standalone notices linked bi-directionally to the original article. An Erratum covers author errors; a Corrigendum covers editorial or publisher errors.

An Expression of Concern is issued when there are unresolved questions about the reliability of the research — for example, when an investigation into potential misconduct is ongoing or inconclusive. It alerts readers to a concern without constituting a finding of misconduct. A Retraction is issued when published findings are substantially unreliable due to honest error or confirmed misconduct, or when the article has been published elsewhere without disclosure. Retracted articles remain permanently accessible — clearly marked "RETRACTED" — to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record.

Authors who believe an editorial decision was made in error may submit a formal appeal within 30 days of the decision notification. The appeal letter must state the grounds for appeal clearly, provide a point-by-point response to all reviewer and editor comments, and include any new evidence supporting the appeal. Appeals based solely on disagreement with reviewers' scientific judgments are unlikely to succeed. The Editor-in-Chief reviews all appeals; where a conflict of interest exists, an independent senior editor is appointed. Appeal decisions are final.